![]() ![]() There are no current major threats to Coyote populations throughout their range. Coyotes in suburban areas are adept at exploiting human-made food resources and will readily consume dog food or other human-related items. Predation by Coyotes on neonates of native ungulates can be high during fawning (Andelt 1987). Livestock and wild ungulates may often be represented in coyote stomachs and scats as carrion, but predation on large ungulates (native and domestic) does occur (Andelt 1987). Coyotes eat foods ranging from fruit and insects to large ungulates and livestock. Water availability may limit Coyote distribution in some desert environments. Coyotes are opportunistic, generalist predators that eat a variety of food items, typically consuming items in relation to changes in availability. The ability of coyotes to exploit human resources allows them to occupy urban areas their recent expansion in eastern Panama has been attributed to their using deforested areas and areas of cattle ranching (Méndez-Carvajal and Moreno 2014). Habitat and Ecology InformationĬoyotes utilize almost all available habitats including prairie, forest, desert, mountain and tropical ecosystems. Density in different geographic areas and seasons are listed in Gese and Bekoff (2004). 1997) to 0.9/km² in the fall and 2.3/km² during the summer (post-whelping) in Texas (Knowlton 1972 Andelt 1985). Localized control efforts have sometimes temporarily reduced population size, but they quickly rebound through migration and breeding, and Coyote populations generally are stable or increasing in most areas.Ĭoyote densities in different geographic areas and seasons vary from 0.01–0.09 coyotes/km² in the winter in the Yukon (O'Donoghue et al. Coyote density varies geographically with food and climate, and seasonally due to mortality and changes in pack structure and food abundance. Elimination of larger predators (wolves, coyotes, jaguars) may also have assisted their expansion. (Click on map for more detail) Population InformationĬoyotes are abundant throughout their range and are increasing in distribution as humans continue to modify the landscape. Coyotes have now colonized all of North America except for polar areas, and are approaching the border between Central and South America in the Darien region of Panama. Hybridization with dogs and wolves also played a role in their expansion eastward (Kays et al. The fragmentation of forests with agriculture, and extinction of larger predators like the Grey Wolf Canis lupus and the Jaguar Panthera onca, are thought to have facilitated their expansion. During the 19th century, the Coyote expanded into forested biomes they previously hadn't used including eastern deciduous forests, taiga forests of the north, temperate rainforests in the north west, and tropical rainforests in the south. Geographic Range InformationĬoyotes were originally native to the arid open country of U.S., Canada, and Mexico prior to European settlement (Hody and Kays 2018). The species is very versatile, especially in their ability to exploit human modified environments and there is no reason to expect that they are currently at risk of extinction. They are abundant throughout their range and are increasing in distribution as humans continue to modify the landscape. The Coyote has a wide distribution throughout North America, Mexico and into Central America. ![]() Other Names English: Coyote, American Jackal, Brush Wolf, Prairie Wolf
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